Optimum tilt angle for double-sided solar panels on white surface: Indian scientists study results

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Scientists from India conducted a study of the operation of bifacial photovoltaic modules installed on a prepared base painted white and found that a tilt angle of 30° provides the greatest energy production. The experiment was conducted by specialists from the Vellore Institute of Technology, who analyzed the effect of different tilt angles on the efficiency of the systems.

The role of slope angle and soil reflectivity
According to the lead author of the study, Suprava Chakraborty, the experiment focused on both direct and reflected solar radiation. The scientists proved that double-sided solar panels can collect solar energy more efficiently if the base underneath them is painted white. This is because white is highly reflective, which increases the impact on the back of the panel.

Research parameters
The analysis was performed using a 440W bifacial chinese overseas british data monocrystalline PERC module. The panel was installed on the roof of a research institute, where its tilt angle varied from 0 to 90 degrees on sunny days in February. Measurements were taken at one-hour intervals between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.

Different angles of inclination
During the experiment, eight different tilt angles were tested: The scientists noted that the range from 30 to 60 degrees is optimal for bifacial photovoltaic modules, and an angle of 30 degrees showed the best results in energy production.

Optimum tilt angle for double-sided solar panels on white surface: Indian scientists study results

Results of the experiment
The study found that at a tilt of 30°, the transparent solar panels achieved a maximum average daily output of 316.85 W, with a bifacial irradiance ranging from 0.20 to 0.40. The power output gradually increased with tilt up to 30 degrees, and then began to decrease to 148.51 W at 90 degrees. Interestingly, as the tilt angle increased, the irradiance increased, reaching 0.96 at 90 degrees.

At an angle of 30°, an optimal balance between irradiation of the front and back sides of the panel is achieved. The scientists noted that at angles from 13 to 45 degrees, the change in output power was minimal, taking into account the measurement error of 5%.

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